Download HSEB Notes of Botany | Biota and Their Environment | Biology

BIOLOGY | BOTANY
UNIT TEN : BIOTA AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTCLASS : 11
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The forest is very important renewable natural resources. About 37% land area of Nepal is occupied by forest. But according to unofficial record only 10% land area is occupied by forest.

Importance of forest

• The source of raw materials
• It provides timber fire wood which are used for various purposes like furniture, building houses etc it also provides fodder, different type of products like resin gum fiber tubers etc.
• In Nepal fuel wood is only the source of energy for domestic cooking purpose.
• The forest is being used as ayurvedic medicines drugs spices insecticides etc also used for extracting essential oils, which are used in soaps and cosmetics. 
• Various industries depend on forest for their raw material like paper plywood factories tanning materials like dyes gums resin obtained from plants are used in many industries
• The forest plays a significant role in keeping the atmospheric balance by consuming coarbondioxide releasing oxygen. It also control pollution
• The green plants are the primary source of energy for the other biotic components
• The forest checks soil erosion and land degradation. The roots hold the soil. The forest stops the soil being eroded away by strong winds or rains.
• The forest provides shelter to varieties of plats animals and microorganism.
• Large numbers of people visit the forest for peace, beauty, and recreation. It provides natural beauty.

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