UNITE WISE HSEB NOTES OF BOTANY
CLASS : 11
Click on Label to view the the detail about file. and click on "Download" to start downloading file.
All the notes in file are accordance to the syllabus of HSEB. We have following Notes to download :
UNIT ONE : INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY (BIO MOLECULES)
Not Avaliable, Coming soon
Biochemically important organic and inorganic molecules (general concepts) : Carbohydrate, protein, Lipid, nucleic acid, minerals and water.
UNIT TWO : CELL BIOLOGY
The cell : The cell as a unit of life, structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, Structure and function of cell organelles and inclusions. Cell devision : A mitosis, mitosis, meiosis.
UNIT THREE : BIODIVERSITY
Definition and scope of biodiversity, flora diversity of Nepal, concept of taxonomy : classification, binomial nomenclature, shortcoming of two kingdom classification, hierarchic system in classifications phylogeny. Five kingdom classification Monera, Protista, Mycota, Plantae and Animal.
UNIT FOUR : KINGDOM MONERA
General account, structure and function of bacteria cells, concept of autotropic and heterotropic life styles, economic importance of bacteria. Cyanobacteria : Nostoc - Structure, reproduction and economic importance.
UNIT FIVE : MYCOTA (FUNGI)
Not-Available, Coming soon
Concept of Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidomycetes and Deuteromycetes. Structure and reproduction of Zygomycetes (Mucur), Ascomycetes (Yeast). Economic importance of fungi.
UNIT SIX : KINGDOM PLANTAE
Algae : Introduction to green, red and brown algae, structure and reproduction of Spirogyra. Bryophyta : Marchantia and Funaria ( morphology and life cycle). Pteridophyta : Dryopteris(morphology and life cycle ), Gynosperm : Brief morphological structure of Cycas and Pinus.
UNIT SEVEN : ANGIOSPERM
Morphology : root, steam, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Taxonomy and economic importance of the following families; Cruciferae (Brassicaces), Solanaceae, Leguminose - Papilionoidae only, Compositae (Asteracae ) and Gramineae (Poaceae).
UNIT EIGHT : LICHENS
Not-Available, Coming soon
Introduction and economic importance.
UNIT NINE : VIRUS
Not-Available, Coming soon
Structure and economic importance.
UNIT TEN : BIOTA AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT
Ecology : Definition, abiotic, biotic factor and their interaction. Concept of ecosystem, Pond and grassland ecosystems : structureal and functional aspect; food chain, trophic level, ecological pyramids, productivity, concept of community and succession. Bio-geochemical cycle : carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle. Ecological imbalance and its consequences : Green house effects, depletion of ozone layer and acid rain. Concept of mountain ecosystem (altitude and climatic dhanges ). Adapation : Hydrophyte, mesophyte and xerophyte.
UNIT ELEVEN : FOREST CONSERVATION
Not-Available, Coming soon
Brief introduction of forests of Nepal, importance of afforestation and hazards of deforestation, Management of land and water
Tags:
Biology